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    Ethereum zkSNARKs: A Tutorial for Building Applications

    December 27, 2017

    Ethereum zkSNARKs: A Tutorial for Building Applications

    zkSNARKs: A Tutorial for Building Applications

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 11:40 AM PST

    Solidity programming for absolute noobs

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 04:37 AM PST

    Is there anyone interested in creating a useful tutorial for programming in Solidity, for absolute noobs in programming in general.

    I have never spent enough time in any programming language in the past (yes, I did some BASIC on C64 and the first steps writing a "hello world" following the steps from a tutorial). But other interests just drawed too much attention. Choices needed to be made.

    But now I'm interested in programming in Solidity, but all tutorials start from a minimum knowledge in programming in general. A tutorial that focusses purely on the EVM and ignores any need for other luggage from past experiences would be great, imo.

    I even think if such a tutorial is very good, it would blow the practical potential of the EVM and the (true) value of ETH & Ethereum.

    submitted by /u/DoktorSultan
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    CryptoKitties is good for Ethereum

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 11:01 AM PST

    I have been in ETH a long time and other than the DAO (and yes we all know how that ended) have never been more excited about the future of ETH since after seeing CryptoKitties.

    Before if someone where to ask me how ETH is useful I could site concepts like DApps and smart contracts and ICOs etc but what I was describing to them never really felt REAL. As stupid as it sounds CryptoKitties feels REAL. The game elegantly demonstrates both the value of digital scarcity as well as the vast potential of smart contracts in a way that is simple and intuitive. After trying it out for just a few minutes I was suddenly able to imagine dozens of new possibilities for the potential uses of ETH. You could raise virtual race horses and have them race against each other with randomized weighted outcomes and people could make bets and watch the races. You could keep actual Pokemon created by Nintendo and have them battle each other on a world wide arena. You could setup virtual shops in digital worlds like Second Life and sell the products and services directly for ETH. And this was just off the top of my head in like the first 5 minutes.

    Cryptogaming has the potential to emerge as a whole new genre of gaming where the stakes and outcomes of each game can be linked to something real. As always, I understand there are definitely infinite ways to screw this all up but nonetheless it is exciting to see it in its inception.

    submitted by /u/lihaoza
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    Send Vitalik some love!

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 05:48 PM PST

    I want everyone on this subreddit to open up Twitter and send Vitalik some love! Don't tell him that you made a whatever % gain, or your mining rig hit it's ROI.

    Tell him that you believe in the project. Tell him thank you for creating such a revolutionary and world changing technology. Tell him that Ethereum is awesome and that you believe it will make human civilization better!

    Tweet him and show him some love! @VitalikButerin

    DO IT NOW!!! :)

    submitted by /u/dank4us12
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    Week in Ethereum. December 27, 2017

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 02:16 PM PST

    Did I lose 50000 USD worth ethers in Changelly? Newbie question.

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 10:54 AM PST

    I converted 3 BTCs to Ethers using changelly 10 days ago. The transaction took some time to complete but eventually completed. Currently the transaction is showing this page this page.

    The output transaction is not appearing in any explorers. Etherscan says "Sorry, we are unable to locate this Transaction Hash". What does this mean? Is it possible that they have broadcasted the transaction but somehow it is lost somewhere? Are the ethers gone for ever.

    I generated address using myetherwallet.com and provided the public address to changelly and kept the private key with me. Can something go wrong here? Is something wrong with this address

    Can Changelly do something about this? I have been sending them support requests but have not heard back from them.

    submitted by /u/geos
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    Anyone ever thought about game theory and probability theory when making a voting system? Let's discuss!

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 05:40 PM PST

    I never really thought about it even thought I had some lectures about it at the university (shame on me). It really seems important to me to consider those topics when creating a voting system on the blockchain otherwise it could be possible that in the end nobody votes or even everyone just dumps their coins because of a lack of incentive surrounding the whole voting process. I know I most likely get dumped when saying this but I really have doubts that some well known projects are even working in the end.

    I'm looking forward to your thoughts.

    Source: I recently read this yellowpaper which is explaing a working voting system with proof. You can find it here.

    submitted by /u/resin
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    Where can I find Ethereum's roadmap with approximate release dates and explanations ?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 03:45 AM PST

    I am looking for Ethereum's roadmap for 2018, I hear about casper / Pos / Plasma / sharding but what are they and when are they coming out ? what do they do ? does any of them have to come before the other ?

    submitted by /u/Dofarian
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    Can I submit a "useful" contract to the Ethereum network and be paid in ETH when people use my contract(s)?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 09:39 AM PST

    Looking for someone to point me in the direction of particular documentation or concepts to read up on. Real life examples are always welcome too!

    submitted by /u/austpryb
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    Can someone explain how to send ETH from Coinbase to Binance ?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 04:21 PM PST

    Sorry but I'm brand new to this shit. If I want to move some Ethereum from my ETH Coinbase wallet to Binance to eventually purchase some other altcoins, how exactly do I do that ? Do I "Sell" Ethereum ? and can I send ETH straight from Coinbase to Binance ? Like what magic buttons should I be looking for ?

    ANY help would be greatly appreciated - Cheers

    submitted by /u/samwise4444
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    Questions on Sharding FAQ

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 07:53 PM PST

    https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Sharding-FAQ

    Questions

    1. Why would each block need a collation for each shard? Why not keep shard state root in the mempool and allow shard collations to be sparsely allocated across blocks? i.e. shards can generate collations at any cadence up to and even beyond (multiple collations per block) the full cadence of the root blockchain. In a network partition some shards will keep working and others will not be able to reach a 2/3 collation majority. Why stall the whole chain? Why require matching cadence for all shards?
    2. Why do we need validators to validate the transactions in the collation? Do we not trust the collator signatures? You just said random selection gives us reliably honest collator pools. 2b. Correlary: Are Super Full Nodes necessary? Implies such a node has O(c)2...
    3. What is the incentive for validator nodes? It seems plausible that they will have to expend significant energy over a long period of time with 0 reward (i.e. until the network is attacked).
    4. There is a lot of hand waving about the registration, selection & rotation process for collators and validators. Can you actually spell this out?
    5. You mention 150 "nodes" as a small selection. How do you bootstrap such a system starting from 0 nodes?
    6. You suggest challenge-response but this undermines any sense of finality.
    7. You suggest instant shuffling but also mention that stateless validation is not really possible in a pure form and will potentially degrade significantly for certain heavy-state application workloads. How do we ensure a usable outcome which cannot be attacked by high-state transaction spam?
    8. Shard security model: can we turn this on its head? What if we have N shards and N*k nodes and a mining pool controls X% of nodes and we do "instant" shuffling every Z seconds, how long until the miner controls 2/3 of a shard's validator and steals everything in it? You may have 99.9999998 with one shuffling, but if you are re-rolling the dice frequently, the miner will eventually get a chance to steal.
    9. Is there any code that I can look at?
    submitted by /u/turb0kat0
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    I Made My First Decentralized Webpage On SWARM -- Ethereum Is For Real

    Posted: 26 Dec 2017 10:17 PM PST

    I know everyone is crazy wealthy now with the boom, but I'd like to remind everyone what it is about. I spent today educating myself on on SWARM, a project I had loosely followed, but put off getting into since it was only super-alpha on Ropsten, and I had other things in life to worry about. I feel like it is a good time to talk about the good and the could be improved from a newcomer's perspective on the process of actually using ethereum for business.

    It took me about 12 hours of grinding with basic bash knowledge, good QA/UX ability, and a decent amount of experience minding dozens of wordpress installations from injection attacks as an admin for my friend's local businesses, to get it all set up. Thanks very much to the fine community members on the SWARM gitter for helping me out. I really appreciated it. Some things are very hard right now without the patience and support of existing contributors.

    Now for the could be improved:

    Like many of the ethereum projects going on, the core devs are stretched thin, and those capable of submitting useful PRs also have their hands full. Documentation on the ENS, SWARM, and many other projects has gone a bit stale, and getting started is quite daunting even going precisely by the documentation.

    I'm disappointed a bit in the Mist project, as it seems to be bloatware that doesn't do any one thing particularly well. MetaMask has really come alive, but unfortunately there is no hardware wallet support. Parity, the same. It was quite annoying to have geth interfere with MEW with a broken Trezor support on OSX. I really hope that HW wallet support is very soon expanded beyond just MEW. It's absolutely vital for developers to be able to transact on the command line and do many operations in batch. I certainly will never keep an ENS property anywhere but a battle tested HW wallet.

    Things are still quite unsafe and hard to manage for an average crypto punter in ethereum, but don't get me wrong, this is 100% the future of our world. Successfully submitting my first file to SWARM made me think of my days dialing up to BBS' and getting booted from CompuServe/AOL when a mate called me wanting to socialize and play sports outside. SWARM is not perfect now. The testnet is a royal PITA now, and it's easier just to fire real ether from the get go to learn. However, it's for real. It's coming. It's going to happen, and we need to support it.

    Now for the good:

    You have people of all politics, and dozens of nationalities all working together to make sure the government and religious cults don't wreck the very good life most of us enjoy. It might be an extreme minority opinion on reddit, but I don't like net neutrality. I think Comcast should be able to force the worst service in the world on people, censor their content, and hijack their DNS. I think it's good. I love Ajit Pai in fact. I think this is what it must take to light a fire under everyone to protect freedom of speech, build up censorship resistant networks, and an immutable chain of data that makes international commerce efficient. We need competition in the race for decentralization. It is the best chance we have to do our best in protecting our future freedom.

    Ethereum is not a scam. Swarm, and my favorite project, the ENS, have been completely overlooked in this recent tulpomania. This is the backbone of Ethereum. It is our future. We will make our own destiny to live free, but people have to participate. My New Year's resolution is to contribute tutorials and content so more people start using SWARM/ENS/DomainSale/MetaMask/Geth/Mist/Oraclize. The core developers are wizards. It's mind-boggling to see them chat publicly, with full accountability, and to casually discuss the future of our world. We all have a voice to make this happen, and to help them. Democracy works extremely well at this size. The more effort we put in, the longer it will last.

    In the New Year I'm also moving with my wife back from the US to Lithuania to participate in blockchain related projects in a small democratic country that functions a lot like the ethereum community. The irony of this is that I strongly support Donald Trump. Of all of the far left friends of mine who spewed hatred towards me over the last two years, just for having rather centrist views on immigration, and being a bit contrarian -- not one of them left the US for Canada or Europe. Not one of them acted on their supposed morals. My personal morals of freedom of speech, stability for my family, and the pursuit of happiness come first for me. Plans and expectations can often act as blinders that prevent you from seeing better options. Crypto is the opportunity we all have, and I'll be damned if I let crony corporatism get in the way of this innovation. A symmetrical 100Mbps connection can be had for ~$15 a month in Vilnius. Hope to meet some of you there.

    And if anyone cares, here is the site: http://swarm-gateways.net/bzz:/latvija.eth/

    (Total fake news.)

    Edit: Site should be up. I shut my laptop down last night and things were being served, but some people reported issues accessing it. This is going to be common for the next few months. Once people are financially incentivized to build clusters for storage, things will be ready for production. SWARM should be seen as a fallback to DNS for a while, not the primary service.

    submitted by /u/woodydeck
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    Aren't transaction fees a disincentive to build Dapps?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 01:20 PM PST

    Thinking of areas where Dapps could be really useful - specifically gaming and I can't help but feel like the transaction fees put a massive overhead onto the game developer.

    For example, each time the game wishes to do the following a transaction feel will be incurred: - Store / Update player stats on the blockchain (win / loss records) - Loot drops added to player inventory - Soft currency added to player balance (could be just 5-10 coins of a really worthless currency) - New item crafted etc.

    Am I missing something? Where would the developer be able to recoup these fees? Imagine just the transaction for collecting soft currency alone. Say in a diablo type game, this could happen hundreds of times within an hour for a single player.

    Any tips or thoughts on how to remove these disincentives so that we can make some really cool stuff?

    submitted by /u/marcm55
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    Lightweight Eth Wallet

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 02:09 PM PST

    Sorry if this belongs in /r/ethtrader or has already been answered in other posts (I searched but couldn't find anything).

    I recently have been moving my coins into a wallet (and out of exchanges), and downloaded the wallet linked by Ethereum's main website. However, because of the size of the chain structure, my wallet seems like it will never sync. Is there a wallet that doesn't download the whole blockchain, instead just scanning the blockchain and determining the balance? I've heard of lightweight wallets for other coins, but I can't seem to find one for Ethereum. Thanks!

    submitted by /u/awkbr549
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    AKASHA Beta invite

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 04:39 AM PST

    Has anyone gotten an email from "AKASHA" with an invite to the beta and a link to download it? I got one 2 days ago. I didn't click on the links, didn't look legit. Just wanted to give everyone a heads up about it. Looks like a phishing attempt.

    submitted by /u/swoopx
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    Are there any (reputable) charitable organizations that deal directly with payment in ETH?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 10:07 AM PST

    Last year I donated to the AMF (Against Malaria Foundation) for an annual giving project - by cashing out ETH for fiat currency. This year I'd like to donate to a similar charity but do so directly with ETH.

    I found the AMF via a recommendation from Vitalik's twitter on using the GIVEWELL.org site for finding a meaningful, well-documented, charitable organization. Does anyone have a suggestion? Or is this more along the lines of contacting each charity directly to see if they have an ETH account?

    submitted by /u/readreed
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    What happens to Ethereum if Bitcoin crashes?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 07:51 PM PST

    I love Vitalik Buterin’s Twitter

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 05:04 AM PST

    Vitalik posts so many thought-provoking tweets and thoughts. I really appreciate them as they give me some sense of the great people in the Ethereum ecosystem.

    I would also like to see a list of high quality crypto and blockchain contributors who are active on social media, like Charlie Lee.

    submitted by /u/RalphsAlterEgo
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    Retrieve all transactions on a given block using Solidity?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 07:42 PM PST

    I've been trying to figure out what function calls I need to make in order to do this, but in the solidity API, I can't find anything that seems like the "block.transactions" that would return all the transactions of even the most recent block, let alone any past block.

    Is this doable? If so, how? If not, why not?

    submitted by /u/AHighFifth
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    Plasma and fraud proofs - possible to skip block headers?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 08:42 AM PST

    I know that submitting all block headers in sequence is enough to run a plasma chain (or BTC-relay) but is it possible to skip headers or submit them in a compact way?

    If not, is there another way to make plasma chains with fast block times feasible (both from a cost and timing perspective) to connect to the mainnet?

    Edit: After consulting the plasma paper it seems I have confused plasma with the BTC-relay-like thing BankEx is building. Their repo is named "plasma", but it seems different than what was outlined in the plasma paper. Anyway, this question is in the context of their implementation: https://github.com/BankEx/PlasmaETHexchange/blob/master/contracts/PlasmaParent.sol#L491

    You'll notice that they are requiring consecutive headers in order to form a merkle proof. This ensures they can verify a transaction occurred based on the blockchain state at the time of the transaction (which means they need the history, which is represented in the form of headers). My question is whether you can store that history in a more compact way. Saving headers from a fast sidechain onto the main chain is likely going to be very expensive.

    submitted by /u/ethereum_alex
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    Technical Book Suggestions

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 06:10 AM PST

    Hi all, There have been posts in the past year suggesting book titles for reading (I'll link below). I thought I'd renew the topic since there may be other suggestions to add. Specifically, I'm looking for a deeper technical understanding of the inner workings of Ethereum (e.g. data structures, EVM, etc... whatever ya got).

    Further: it seems as though there isn't much at the moment. Most resources are going to be web-based, so please feel free to recommend websites as well.

    My thanks in advance.

    Previous book threads:

    What are your favorite books about Ethereum, blockchain, cryptocurrencies etc.?

    Good book about solidity?

    Fiction: Book recommendations

    5 Best Books to Understand Bitcoin, Ethereum and Blockchain

    Best book to learn Ethereum Virtual Machine, Smart Contracts, and all the other concepts Ethereum?

    Edits: formatting

    submitted by /u/digital_lobotomy
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    Clarification, is Ethereum attempting to beat Bitcoin, or it's mission something else entirely?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 06:55 PM PST

    Is Ethereum developing it's own value through utility, while Bitcoin is solely attempting to be a currency? Did I get that right? Do people here on /r/ethereum hate Bitcoin too?

    submitted by /u/DrixlRey
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    Best way to go about letting users send/receive ETH/fake tokens?

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 12:13 PM PST

    I'm working on a project where we'd like to have users interact in setting up a wallet (was probably going to use MEW in some way) and let users send/receive ETH/tokens.

    I'm wondering what way is best to go about this? Creating a token would require us providing ETH to send, correct? Would using the Ethereum testnet be a good option? I don't want to use something that wouldn't be appropriate for this and just am looking for the best solution. Any ideas or suggestions would be appreciated.

    submitted by /u/Smugglers
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    Ethereum Parity Fast Sync/"Warp" Not Working

    Posted: 27 Dec 2017 09:16 AM PST

    Hi, I am new to cryptocurrency and decided to buy $10 worth of Ethereum. I used Coinbase to facilitate the transaction. I have my hash number with my value stored but I have no way of accessing or using my money because Parity is taking forever to sync with the blockchain.

    The longer it takes, the slower it gets it seems. I've already calculated this will take weeks to catch up at its current rate. I have an excellent internet connection and pretty fast computer. I tried Ethereum Wallet only to find out it was no better- both are slow as hell.

    I have even tried the --warp command, switched to a SSD drive, etc. Still painfully slow.

    When it comes to online finances, I'm used to making an account and being ready to rock within minutes.

    Is the weeks and months it takes to initially sync really the norm for using cryptocurrency? How is cryptocurrency even practical if this is the reality of it? Do I really have to spend weeks/months at the mercy of a bogged down computer, processing blocks at a snails pace, to finally just see my stupid little $10 in ether balance show up in my wallet? My money is just stuck in cyberspace limbo until it finally finishes sync'ing and there's no faster alternative?

    submitted by /u/bmw1999m3
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