• Breaking News

    Sunday, August 15, 2021

    Ethereum 48 ETH burned for a single block!

    Ethereum 48 ETH burned for a single block!


    48 ETH burned for a single block!

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 12:29 PM PDT

    FEEL THE BURN!

    On one hand I should complain that gas prices are high. On the other hand the gas is getting burned. I couldn't imagine having enough eth to justify 1600+gwei on a block.

    I have to say though that this transaction happened about 15 minutes ago and gas prices seem to be falling quickly. Maybe I have rose tinted glasses or something but it seems that EIP1559 is making these sporadic spikes shorter than they normally would be.

    Block #13031596

    https://etherscan.io/block/13031596

    submitted by /u/studdmufin
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    Arbitrum One has the greatest developer adoption of any smart contract chain after Ethereum

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 02:21 AM PDT

    Currently, the top post in r/ethereum is someone capturing a momentary gas spike caused by an equally momentary spike in demand for the network, and the rest of the comments are most people complaining about it, while others are shilling alternate smart contract platforms. Kudos to those that are educating everyone, though!

    Incredibly, out of 400 comments, I count only 4 mentioning the actual, imminent solution, that has already seen the greatest developer adoption of any smart contract chain other than Ethereum. This must be one of the greatest cases of information asymmetry I've ever seen.

    This is Arbitrum One.

    Over 400 Ethereum projects have already deployed on Arbitrum One, with heavy hitters like Uniswap, Chainlink, Maker, Aave, USDC, Sushi, etc. etc. It also has broad infrastructure support with Etherscan, MetaMask, Infura, Alchemy, Truffle, Coinbase Wallet etc. While some chains like Polygon PoS and Binance Smart Chain have seen some of these projects deployed - nothing even comes close to the developer adoption Arbitrum One has seen, aside from Ethereum itself. Indeed, we even have massive new players like Reddit adopting Arbitrum, potentially onboarding 400 million users - the greatest adoption story by numbers in the blockchain industry bar none.

    Better news still, Arbitrum One is opening to all users, with all of these dApps deployed within the next couple of weeks! Gas fees will be anywhere between 90% to 99% lower than Ethereum, you'll pay all gas in ETH, and you'll the same wallets you currently use with Ethereum. Crucially, Arbitrum inherits its security, decentralizaiton and network effect characteristics directly from Ethereum. This is the first time in our industry's history that a smart contract chain is scaling without severely compromising on security and decentralization. That said, it's very important to note that Arbitrum One is cutting-edge technology, and it'll take some time to mature. The early release has multiple guardrails in place to ensure safety.

    Over the coming months, we'll see a vibrant ecosystem of rollups that can do up to 4,500 TPS in aggregate. With the release of data shards, rollups will scale up to 85,000 TPS. From there, scalability will increase as the data sharding network matures and decentralizes, scaling up to potentially 15 million TPS by the end of the decade.

    While there will certainly be centralized solutions offering high throughput and low fees, make no mistake, rollups + data shards are the only way the blockchain industry can achieve global scale in a highly secure, trustless, credibly neutral, and decentralized manner.

    So why is no one talking about it? I think it's because Arbitrum and other smart contract rollups do not have a token yet and they have been focused on research and engineering. Unlike most crypto projects where it's all about launching a token first, shilling second, and delivering a product last; Arbitrum has opted to deliver a product first, shill second, and then, maybe if required, launch a token last. This puts it at a hefty disadvantage against other smart contract projects which have tokens and thus incentivize the deployment of motivated shill armies.

    I'll see you on Arbitrum One in a couple of weeks' time!

    submitted by /u/Liberosist
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    Microsoft Argus is an Ethereum based fully transparent program, which incentivizes the anonymous reporters of piracy with bounties

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 03:32 PM PDT

    Shark Tank’s host Kevin O’Leary believes Ethereum will become “ultra-sound currency”

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 02:58 PM PDT

    Lessons learned and learned lessons.

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 02:33 PM PDT

    Why has the chain capacity increased by ~9% after London? Three answers...

    Posted: 14 Aug 2021 10:22 PM PDT

    Why has the chain capacity increased by ~9% after London? Three answers...

    Looking at the daily gas used chart, we see that average gas used per day has increased from ~92B to ~100B: a 9% increase.

    https://preview.redd.it/om4weo0gdgh71.png?width=1344&format=png&auto=webp&s=750664a48cdd4ac01dcdd0459f0a59c0baa083b7

    Why did this happen?

    I think that the effect is roughly evenly split between three different causes: (1) ice age delay, (2) pre-London blocks being not full, and (3) imperfections in the basefee adjustment formula.

    Ice age delay

    The London fork delayed the ice age, which had just barely started to take effect when the London fork began. Pre-London, average block times were ~13.5s, and post-London average block times are back down to their long-run normal level of ~13.1s:

    https://preview.redd.it/ce6lv2ipdgh71.png?width=1344&format=png&auto=webp&s=5806f200d1ba71c33b90c9d7d77abf1b8c4818d9

    This is a ~3% difference in block speed, which explains 3% out of the 9% increase in on-chain gas usage.

    Target 15M vs maximum 15M

    Pre-London, the maximum block gasused was 15M. But not all blocks used the entire 15M: even the most well-functioning block producers would leave 0-20999 gas unused because there's too little remaining space to fit a single transaction, and on top of that there are always the occasional block producers who make empty blocks. An analysis from April suggests that ~2% of blocks were empty. Altogether, we might suppose a pre-London unused space of ~2-3%. Post-London, however, 15M is not the maximum, it's the target. This means that if average gas used, including the empty blocks, is below 15M, the basefee will decrease until the average is back to 15M.

    So this accounts for another ~2-3%.

    Mathematical imperfections in basefee adjustment

    The EIP 1559 formulas is not quite perfect in targeting 50%. This is because of the complex relationship between arithmetic and geometric means. A 0% full block decreases the basefee by 12.5% (multiplies it by 7/8). A 100% full block increases the basefee by 12.5% (multiplies it by 9/8). So what happens if you have a 0% full block followed by a 100% full block? The basefee is multiplied by 63/64. Hence, for the basefee to remain constant, you actually need the average usage to be slightly above 50%.

    How far above depends on what the variance is. The theoretical minimum volatility bias is zero: if every block is exactly 50% full, so the basefee remains constant in each block. The theoretical maximum volatility bias is the case where 53.13% of blocks are 100% full and 46.87% of blocks are empty (the ratio of full to empty being 1.133, the same as the ratio -log(7/8) / log(9/8)); in that case, the basefee would remain constant with blocks being on average 53.13% full. Actual usage seems to be right in the middle of these two extremes: taking data from one recent observed timespan, average blocks were 51.5% full (so, ~3% above the "intended" fullness).

    A recent data analysis roughly confirms both of the last two numbers (look carefully at the pre-London and post-London blue line, and the horizontal 15M line on the chart):

    https://preview.redd.it/l2d69eqvhgh71.png?width=1488&format=png&auto=webp&s=23cb550043afdf348328ce4877794101dd56a025

    One possible fix to this mathematical oddity is to make the basefee adjustment mechanic more explicitly exponential: https://ethresear.ch/t/make-eip-1559-more-like-an-amm-curve/9082. This would establish a hard invariant where the basefee can be computed as a direct function of the total "excess" gas usage (so for any level of excess gas usage to continue forever, the basefee would have to eventually shoot toward infinity).

    But for now, Ethereum users can rejoice in the unintentionally 6% increased capacity that London brought (and client devs need to keep working hard on statelessness / state expiry to make sure we can handle the increased state growth safely).

    submitted by /u/vbuterin
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    Gaming Platforms with NFT support: Enjin (Efinity) vs Flow vs Immutable X

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 12:52 PM PDT

    So DeFi exploded, then NFTs exploded, and lots of smart people think the next big thing is gaming NFTs, games here you truly own your assets (inventory, skins, characters...). Reasonable to say Blockchain and Gaming are on a collision course or that is already happening in Play 2 Earn games (Axie Infinity, Cryptoblades...).

    As someone who wants to make gains, I have been researching the platforms that might enable developers to release games benefiting from NFT capabilities.

    Dapper Labs, a Canadian company, hit gold with Cryptokitties and the ERC-721 in 2017-2018, that was the first time NFTs went mainstream in a game like environment, but it was soon discovered is Ethereum is not fit for these kind of high number, fast, and cheap fee transactions. After some research, they came up with their own blockchain called FLOW, which they believe will be the premiere NFT and gaming platform. They have crazy VC backing, amazing partnerships (NBA, Ubisoft, UFC, Dr.Seuss...) and their NBA topshot has been very successful, they're looking for the next killer app.

    Next we have Enjin, I was very bullish on these guys three years ago because it seemed they had the right vision and road map to take over the blockchain gaming world. So they built on top of Ethereum, released their on wallet, a new NFT protocol ERC-1155 that is more fit for gaming items and inventories, and few SDKs for gaming development engines (notably Unity and Godot). They attracted a bunch of indie developers who started infusing their in game items with Enjin token, but no game releases were made because of high Ethereum gas fees. in the last NFT boom few months ago hen it became clear that ETH 2.0 is still faraway, they released to pieces of information: They created JumpNet, a proof of authority (read centralized) Ethereum side chain to have fast, cheap transactions, and they announced that they will be building Efinity, a brand new NFT focused blockchain on Polkadot. They made it sound as if it was all planned and that all these chains (Enjin, JumpNet, and Efinity) will work in synergy. What I read between the lines is that they gave up on Ethereum and are starting from Scratch on Polkadot, and are betting Polkadot will be the next Ethereum.

    Last one is Immutable X, which I know the least about. Their bet is that most traffic for NFTs , gaming, andDeFi will stay on Ethereum, and are building a layer 2 platform focused on NFTs, they have their own game, Gods Unchained, a digital collectible card game, which is a smart move that will enable them to test their own tools, and I know that Illuvium, what looks like very visually appealing Pokemon like game, are developing on Immutable X as well.

    I believe these are the main contenders for "ready to develop on" platforms for the next wave of blockchain games, which I believe will be more in the vein of AAA games with actual fun game play but with blockchain elements for item ownership and transfers. Not the grind to earn model we have now. I'm aware there other contenders (Ultra, Seascape....) but it looks they're in very early stages.

    Any input on which platform is most positioned to catch this market segment will be highly appreciated.

    submitted by /u/solemnJoker
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    What's the best way to stake ETH from the US in a way that doesn't lock up my ETH until 2.0 launches?

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 08:47 PM PDT

    Thanks!

    submitted by /u/RyanRDD10
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    People who believe that Eth 2.0 will solve the high fees need to watch this talk by Vitalik Buterin

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 01:20 AM PDT

    Some people thought EIP-1559 would lower the fees. Some people think the merge to proof of stake will lower the fees. Many people in this sub think that sharding will lower the fees on layer 1.

    The truth is that Ethereum's scalability solution is rollups and sharding will only provide more data for rollups so it will make rollups faster but not layer 1 Ethereum.

    Vitalik Buterin talked about this last year. He explained the scalability roadmap in detail and as far as I know this plan hasn't really changed since then (please correct me if I'm wrong).

    Here's the link to Vitalik's talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0jtV9mxdI0

    submitted by /u/llort_lemmort
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    Probably still early, but has anything nifty been done with EIP-3198's BASEFEE opcode yet? Or any works in progress?

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 10:29 AM PDT

    Is it possible to run a "partial" archive node that only records historical state for certain specified accounts?

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 03:12 PM PDT

    Hi guys,

    I've been looking at setting up an ethereum archive node to explore historical states of certain smart contract accounts, but the required amount of SSDs is quite large and growing rapidly.

    However, given that I'm only interested in a few accounts, it seems like a lot of the work that goes into syncing an archive node (i.e. the work going into verifying transactions and constructing account balances for every random address) would be a waste for my use case.

    That got me wondering whether there is a way to setup what would essentially be a full node but with archive information about specific accounts. Has anyone tried/done this? Is it possible? I'd greatly appreciate any pointers! Thanks! :)

    submitted by /u/the88doctor
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    ETH staking is now available directly from your Ledger hardware wallet!

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 04:57 PM PDT

    Decentraland // Building a Lasting Legacy on Ethereum

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 07:44 AM PDT

    Wouldn’t it make sense to have multiple $90,000 stakes setup as opposed to one, say $1,000,000 stake? Due to having a higher likelihood that multiple stakes will receive more transactions than one stake?

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 10:32 AM PDT

    Is this encouraged or discouraged by proof of stake?

    submitted by /u/sk8tyger
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    Asking your opinion: 156 addressed holds 42% of total eth supply. What does it mean in the long run?

    Posted: 14 Aug 2021 10:32 PM PDT

    This is a common argument bitcoin maxis have always held against us etherians. TBH there is truth to this blame as the title suggests. 42% of btc is held in 2k+ addresses as opposed to 156 in eth. I believe this is largely due to the presale eth had in 2015. How bad this is and what can I reply back to such arguments?

    submitted by /u/Tahmid_0007
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    The Holy Grail of Web3 - The OriginTrail Semantic Layer Explained (Built On Eth)

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 06:06 PM PDT

    APAC vs The world

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 05:52 PM PDT

    Does APAC have an overall bigger stake in Crypto? Or are they more aggressive? I feel like when the APAC region wakes up and gets going coins pump or dump (lately pump) more so than when the Western world hits their business hours. Someone hit me with facts, I'm speaking from feelings, but also watching a bit the last few months.

    submitted by /u/CitadelDefender
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    EVM Debugging multiple dApps in Production, on IPFS

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 08:51 AM PDT

    When I started DeFi on Ethereum I was totally lost. Now started helping beginners through FREE data , research & tools.

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 04:17 PM PDT

    Top 3 Layer 2 scaling solutions for Ethereum: Polygon vs Optimism vs Arbitrum

    Posted: 15 Aug 2021 12:10 PM PDT

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